1910pm 02 Jul 2023 Iceland – It’s Sunday what do you want. Eh, can you have a little look at the earthquake swarm above the city? Which city? The one you’re living in, why do you think I called you on a Sunday.

2230pm 06 Jul 2023 Iceland – Who What Where When Why – You said who, it’s an earthquake event? Oh, this bitch is getting a name. Why? Check the latest weather the last week, cooling effects of weather closing the flow point in the ocean below and before Reykjanes and the flow continuing into the main line of flow in the relatively empty lava tubes in the peninsula itself? Cooling lava contracts and flows back and down and leaves narrow spaces above the old flow channels?

2355pm 06 Jul 2023 Iceland – You gotta start somewhere? Come on bitch let me know where you’re going? You’re getting emotional. Yes. Why? Anger is useful, it gives adrenaline and focus, if I want to calm and be logical, then I jump up and down like my Dad’s kicker in the rugby club, the shock drains the adrenaline and emotion and gives clarity. He used to jump up and touch his knees above his chest. Well, otherwise it looks like a kids tantrum, which is actually doing the same thing, though sometimes they don’t know how to get the effect properly every time. And. It’s cooling, weather and tides, wind direction, high and low pressure systems and comparisons to previous events and… And? Coffee and chocolate bars for everyone now and every three hours for the next eighteen, rest breaks every three hours. Two people to a desk and half on and half off duty. Oh, and feet are permitted on the desks. We’re loafing, totally relaxed waiting for the little bitch to finish her little tantrum and calm down. And check the vehicles are fuelled and equipment is all correct. Ask for extra fuel for the bulldozers too, this might be good for the tourists, the Rescue people have more problems with the falls on the hazardous routes into and from the lava locations afterwards than with the actual eruptions.

Activity status

• Grímsvötn Aviation colour code: Green Activity level: High Last eruption: 2011 CE
• Hekla Aviation colour code: Green Activity level: High Last eruption: 2000 CE
• Katla Aviation colour code: Green Activity level: High Last eruption: 1918 CE
• Krafla Aviation colour code: Green Activity level: Moderate Last eruption: 1975-1984 CE
• Krýsuvík Aviation colour code: Green Activity level: Moderate Last eruption: 1188 CE
• Kverkfjöll Aviation colour code: Green Activity level: Moderate Last eruption: ~700 CE
• Reykjanes Aviation colour code: Green Activity level: Moderate Last eruption:1240 CE
• Snæfellsjökull Aviation colour code: Green Activity level: Moderate Last eruption: ~200 CE
• Torfajökull Aviation colour code: Green Activity level: Moderate Last eruption: 1477 CE
• Vestmannaeyjar Aviation colour code: Green Activity level: Moderate Last eruption: 1973 CE
• Þórðarhyrna Aviation colour code: Green Activity level: Moderate Last eruption: 1903 CE
• Öræfajökull Aviation colour code: Green Activity level: Moderate Last eruption: 1727 CE
• Beerenberg Activity level: Moderate Last eruption: 1985 CE

If anyone asks for potential effects send them this? Newborn Fagradalsfjall Volcano! Night 3/4VIII 2022 II

0035am – 0110am 07 Jul 2023 Iceland Yes, another confirmed M4+, the phone app told me, can you tell the info people the link from this page doesn’t lead back to the Icelandic Met Office? Oh, and whoever spots the lava plume first gets to shout “There She Blows.” This is the Great White One we’re looking for, if it’s above the Capital, it’s “The Bitch is here. Get the People out.” Who’s the bitch? I’m hoping it’s not Freyja. The website, get info to fix that, see, sorry, pity, fear, down. “The bitch is here. Get the People out.” Anger – Determination – Action. Everyone gets a job, and is told it’s essential, especially if it looks simple, like sitting in the car with the engine on. If they ask, say we’ll name the bitch after she gets here and we see how hot she is? And yes the ladies are allowed to call it what ever they called the last man turned them down, though knowing one of them, some will say, “No one’s ever turned me down.” So tell them, “Use your imagination, please.” There’s another M4+, out, get busy loafing, please, I’m sure the phones will be busy.

http://www.evevolcanoearlywarning.eu/ Presentations of the Final General Meeting are available here 2021 ???

https://www.wovodat.org/about/volcanicunrest.php

0140am 07 Jul 2023 Repost from 0230am 11 Apr 2023 Iceland Volcano Map Google Earth Pro – First Attempt

https://www.government.is/news/$LisasticSearch/Search/?SearchQuery=earthquakes&Ministries=&Themes=&Year=&SortByDate=true

https://www.government.is/news/

0145am 07 Jul 2023 Iceland

0150am 07 Jul 2023 USA https://www.usgs.gov/programs/VHP/volcano-updates#elevated

0150am 07 Jul 2023 Italy

0155am 07 Jul 2023 Spain

ESP – Mount Teide, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain

Wikipedia – 1971 Teneguía Volcanic vent. A tourist died as a result of severe intoxication caused by gas inhalation near the volcano after breaking the security cordon established to protect the population. ” Teneguía (Spanish pronunciation: [teneˈɣia]) is a monogenetic cinder cone – a volcanic vent which has been active once (in 1971) and has had further seismic activity.^[2] It is situated on the island of La Palma, one of the Canary Islands, and is located at the southern end of the sub-aerial section of the Cumbre Vieja volcano, of which Teneguía is just one of several vents.^[4] “

0220am 07 Jul 2023 Iceland – That earthquake wasn’t confirmed when you came out, how did you know? He just said out, he was looking at his coffee cup. What? Yes, he just stopped, glanced at the cup and it shimmered. Quite scary actually.

0330am 07 Jul 2023 Iceland – That’s actually scary. It’s dropping off. No, that’s just physics in action. Sorry, I couldn’t resist smiling, it was the name of an old physics book of mine.

0340am -0350am 07 Jul 2023 Iceland – Is the duration long enough now to establish a frequency for activity? Let’s do a quick estimate? Wed 0800 1400 2200 Thurs 0800 1600 2330 – Is there a flapping of the plate due to something far off? Frequency reducing? Though magnitude of flow is same? Did something close the outlet and directed the flow up to land? Did something open the outlet? Personally I’d say it was the kettle boiling over due to the height of Summer? Maximums of Temperature? Solstice 21 Jun, +28 or 30 days 30 days in June, 19 Jul – 21 Jul? And that’s when what happens? Oh, it’s not like that, it’s we’re sitting loafing from now until lets say another 15 days after that 31 days in July 21+15 – 31 is? You know it freaks them out seeing you counting that on your fingers. Fifth of August next leave period? Fair enough, our addition tables only went up to 10+10=20. And. After that we’re off our fingers and we use pencil and paper. It’s why I have four calculators on my desk and you standing beside me. Lets see how things are in the morning? 0800 to 1000? Bets on boys and girls, 10 minute slots. Bottle of Jameson from me, if you have the correct volcano with the time.

1740pm-1905pm 08 Jul 2023 Iceland – So Iceland says Reykjanes. It’s probably a fairly good estimate. Now here’s the beauty question, if the flapping is up down and Reykjanes is the weak point, are the earthquakes at top of breath and bottom of breath or is it just all inbreaths and up like the little xenomorph in “Alien” emerging? That’s not funny. Neither was the movie, I saw it at ten. It put me off horror movies for life. And. Well, the safety movie at UL safety brief for Engineers was so scary I still have a safety equipment twang every time I look at a potentially dangerous situation, so let’s do a safety brief and a nice safety equipment check? Also, Iceland isn’t quite used to greater tan M4.0s so a nice new symbol for greater than M4.0? The green star for M3.0 is nice, a yellow for M4.0+ ? Orange for M5.0+ Red for M6.0+. An M7.0 ? Oh that’s Freya, everyone will be on their knees puking from the waves and they’re not going to be looking at charts then. If only we had means to tell them to take a brace position? Why? Well, the noise and energy transmitted is very close to that which an astronaut experiences during take off. Have a look at the chairs. What? See the big desk. Yes, top of the room. Yes. Those ones have seatbelts and reinforced concrete over the roof. Those people, they don’t intend leaving. Behind the desk, see the poster, “Volunteers only here.” Oh. Yes. Really. Yes. How much do I pay you? You don’t do this job because of money, you do it because it needs to be done. Do you have a seat at that desk? No, heart condition, I’ll be gone already. Evacuated? No, at the M6.0+, it’ll be me in the back store in a body bag and carry on. Yet you’re here. Yes and I hope to live another fifty years, Iceland has soft rocks, they break easily and Freya is possible, though extremely unlikely. The storeman, that’s why he’s first aid qualified. Yes, very nice guy and… And seeing him puts the fear of death into the staff. He’s quite useful in emergencies too. He’s firearms qualified. Yes, he does many jobs in a big crisis. He looks lazy and does very little except check safety equipment. George, what’s your estimate on this person? 5’9″ male, 130lbs, hair loss, probably needs more iron in their diet, Medium sized body bag and check for identifying tattoos with the central database. Oh. Why George? Probable crush injury leaving the building in a hurry and struck by falling lava bombes, no helmet in the stores for visitors. Now, can we have a few more sets of equipment for visitors, please. Thank you George. That was rehearsed. No, that’s what George said to me the last time I brought a visitor in and that’s why I asked for more equipment and a replacement storeman with his qualifications and twenty years younger. George when do you retire? Three years, just enough time to train a new man. George? Or woman, sorry boss, I’m old, I’m not used to seeing all these women around and the thought of having to wash their bodies during a crisis is something I avoid thinking about. Why? I cry. Thank you George. More equipment please? George, he was speaking about you in the third person as if you weren’t here, is that offensive to you? No, I’m here, you’re here, he’s here. Your estimate on Colman. That’s on file and if you’re qualified to read it, you can on the database. Database? Well, George’s computer isn’t just for lists of equipment, that right George. Yes, boss. George please give here your estimate? You gave it to her inside, sir. And? Well, I still think you need better diet and more exercise, I’d like to see you retire out of here. George, you’ll be long retired by then, how will you see that? Oh, that was an old Room leaders idea, when one of us retires on age grounds or leaves promotion everyone comes back for a few drinks and a chat to see how their old plans and suggestions have been implemented, to get the real reasons for all the little suggestions, whether it be, the distance to the bathroom was too long, why there’s three showers in Georges store room etc. It’s how I discovered that George was so talented, that right George? Well, I don’t like answering questions, it wasn’t encouraged where I worked before. No. You don’t get to ask that question here. Look it up. Now, thank you George and lets get back to the room. There’s a few others you might like to meet, they had a few suggestions too, you have the list? Yes, do I need to see them all? George makes quite a good case for the entire list. Well, if anyone asks you why, it’s nice if you have the entire picture, so, though it might be a little disturbing, I think you should hear about the reasons for the larger items?

2350pm 08 Jul 2023 Iceland – Sir, there’s a small dispute, which earthquake wins the money, the M3.5 or the M4.2? Well, I can’t see, which was first or where on this chart, did they both have the times correct? Yes, though the person with the M4.2 was outside the 0800 – 1000 window. Really? Good for them, What’s the winnings? Fifty, done, fifty each, here’s the cash, tell them, join their models together and get the next two times for tomorrow morning, optimisation problems often have pairs of solutions close together, it’s similar to the shape of a curve of a water surface after a pebble is dropped in, sugar, see where their NOT possible solutions were, that might be where the bubble is, it’s the drop which rises over the place where the pebble is dropped in, if the pebble is large enough? Did either get the bottle of whiskey? No. No visible lava yet. Tell them, find me the actual bubble and the pair get a case between them and a Phd each. They’re sixteen and fifteen years old. Well, the whiskey will be well aged when they drink it at the Nobel prize ceremony, tell them their instructor will probably be too old to travel by then, so they can send me a wave from the podium. You’re exaggerating. Of course. Fill their hearts with joy, it’s going to be a long week, and maybe, just maybe, one of them will do it. Do what? Sorry, I know you hate it when I cry in here.

100030am-0100am 09 Jul 2023 Iceland – It’s a little hotter every year? While the latest eruptions from Reykjanes 2021 and 2022 have been of low activity, with similarities to the Nyamuragira (active) in DRC, probably caused by lava temperatures there being lower than during the periods when the surrounding volcanic cones (most inactive) were formed, including Nyiragongo (active), which as an event on it’s own formed a volcanic cone, though with two vents open close to one another the lava volume cools more considerably than through one vent. It is quite possible that continued activity of lava flows at Reykjanes with a large enough volume might produce a volcanic cone, the beginnings of one was almost seen during the 2022 event, though the availability of a suitable gradient (down slope) for the lava to flow unchecked meant continuous flow from the vent slid quickly down the gradient without forming a volcanic cone. What activities are undertaken in future to minimise the effects on Iceland due to the repeated events must be decided in the next few years. Advantages of maintaining a volcanic cone with an open lava lake? Please ask two dozen people to contribute ideas? Disadvantages of maintaining a volcanic cone with an open lava lake? Please ask a few people to contribute? After the pair of suggestions is received, (four weeks to return answers, please, maximum 2 x A4 pages including a diagram no bigger than 1/2 A4) (1,000 euros x 50 x 2 x 2, 200,000 euros total cost) send the opposite question, with a section for any additions on your previous return? Why? Well, having the bitch in view at all times is nice sometimes and having the bitches poisons flowing into the atmosphere at all times is quite annoying. It’s a question of how do you judge it so that the lava doesn’t block and become a plug with the danger of a Mount St Helens, versus the SO2 rising over Nyamuragira at present and the downwind dangers. So we have to find out what the prevailing winds are, the current topography and what we do to mitigate the risks? It’s a little past, where do we place the barriers to stop the tourists falling in? and how far from the volcano is the temperature too high for the amount of water they carried to the show? You’re not referring to the Police service? No, I’m referring to the people making money off the tourists, not a gas mask or a gas monitor in sight. Should there be? Well, an SO2 poisoning (it probably looks like smoke inhalation at a fire on an x-ray), a lava bombe injury or a case of heat radiation burns is going to effect tourism a little more than a broken ankle or two, so they might have a wee think about it?

0325am 11 July 2023 Iceland – You reading the newspaper, that’s new. Yes, looks like the two young people will have to wait to see if their model works somewhere else? I should be so glad the eruption has started safely and, yet, we were so close. Next time, next time, we will predict it. Predict it? You did. No, that was days, weeks, I want the prediction within hours, people in strange countries only take notice when you say: In the next 24 hours with 75% certainty. In the next 48 hrs with 100% certainty. I want that, the world needs that. Next time. Where do we look next? Ask the class, best guesses, please? They don’t guess anymore. They should, sometimes, the action’s happening where we weren’t looking.

Irish Independent –Hikers warned to stay away from Icelandic volcano after it begins erupting Yesterday 22:54

Reuters – Europe – Icelandic volcano erupts near capital By Nora Buli

0335am 11 July 2023 Iceland – Weather looks nice, anyone out there want to visit a volcano? No, the top red dot is the aluminium factory. Colman

0350am 11 Jul 2023 Iceland Smithsonian – USA – Worth how much?

0355am 11 Jul 2023 Iceland – Oh, now I understand the Met Office not allowing them to link back to them. I have lectures in the morning? You do know it’s Summertime and … No, they’re lectures to Master students. Really?

0400am 11 July 2023 Iceland Met Office webcam South West of Capital. Edited by Colman

0415am Iceland Webcams – It’s night? Land of the Midnight Sun, baby. For fxxk sake all those cameras close to the crater and he’s looking downwind. CBRN, SO2 and NO” downwind. Where’s Windy at? Naughty Windy, turned off the SO2, here’s the NO2 and why is a tiny island like Sursey throwing up NO2 like that? Well an unfortunate effect of Sulphuric acid in the wind is that it causes NO2 production from the Nitrogen and Oxygen in the atmosphere, especially where moisture is available like in those pretty, pretty clouds. Why is the wind blowing away from it? Actually it’s the local air starting to heat up. the fissures are new and the air is just warming up, wait to see what it’s like at midday in full sunlight and highest temperatures? Bucket of water in the doorways, wet Covid masks and 30 mins exposure before changing mask. Rinse in lime water or a mild alkaki like milk and wash masks daily. Gloves? Oh, the pasty whites might need them, the tanned, not so much. Let’s say cotton gloves, wetted, or near volcano cotton gloves with vileda kitchen gloves over, one hour with high work activity, four hours walking. And masks? Smokers? Bah, cough, cough, strangely, the pure Icelanders are probably some way immune, by dna or traditional activities during volcanic events or they would have died out long ago, so I’d ask them and new arrivals, say three generations and tourists, if they have a hefty cough, a medical check up? And see the best design for a volcano mask, proof against SO2 and NO2 and I’m not talking about alcohol. Chemical masks? CBRN for the Police and Army, check their filters etc. Civil Service, check for changeable filters in their airconditioned cars and on the buildings. And? Soak them in water. The air con units are less efficient when the filters are wet, so let’s see how long the motors dragging the air through the filters last? And then. Go ask a fxxking expert, I just do this part time for fun. Why? Because it seems no one else is a big enough bollix to chime the fxxking bells and shout “Thar she blows.” You put that person in a room with my daughter? Yes. Mom, you’re just jealous, he’s the other side of the room most of the time and yes, he curses and drinks and screams. And. And Mom, he just saved ten people, who will never know about it.

0450am 11 July 2023 Ireland – Eh, the fogs down and tastes awful. I’ve filled that nice 20 litre brown bucket we got for composting from Cork City Council ten or so years ago with water and placed it outside my back door and I have nice potted plants outside the front door which are nice and wet too. I might put a few large compost filled plastic flower beds out too? Why the back door, you have a garden? Well, it’s concreted for a few meters and, to be sure, to be sure, and an open bottle of water (I have an old Paul Mason wine bottle, it’s quite pretty.) on the kitchen table and maybe a wetted face cloth left in the bathroom too? And a pint of water beside the bed? Colman’s a nutter. True, however, he’s an living, sane and sober bollix too. Signed Colman. ©ʘЖ says WHO?

0640am 11 July 2023 Iceland – Theme song? “I will survive” – cover by Allie Sherlock (Spotify), Go On Girl! Followed by? Oh, it has to be “Perfect” Followed by? “Million years ago” One, Three, Five, because? I’m quite odd. “Not A Machine.” – Nicely spun, Ms Sherlock, “Ariadne says”? “Ariadne, in Greek mythology, daughter of Pasiphae and the Cretan king Minos. She fell in love with the Athenian hero Theseus and, with a thread or glittering jewels, helped him escape the Labyrinth after he slew the Minotaur, a beast half bull and half man that Minos kept in the Labyrinth.” Brittanica (Crete? LoveHolidays)

1045am 11 July 2023 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Norther Ireland – You might update your Volcano links? This is a screenshot, click on a few links? https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/14zZfpg3vmb9r4FB9mCHjy/live-volcano-webcams

1050am 11 July 2023 Iceland Volcano Discovery has some nice stuff under it’s webcam link. https://webcams.volcanodiscovery.com/ Press the down button, Fagradalsfjall, these are not webcams so the webpage lists the database entry as blank. And will someone tell him his donate button and Fagradfalsfjall page needs updating?

1100am Jul 2023 Iceland Can you ask them to start their screenshot or photo from the page with 2023_07_11 it’s the easiest way to save multiple photos? I think that deserves “Isn’t she pretty?” Not exactly what I was looking for? There are some really gobshite witches out there.

1110am 11 July 2023 Iceland – She has a name, though we’ll agree to disagree that they might have thought Lilith was a bit bold for such a little one. Time will tell, small acorns and all that. Oh and thell them their page needs a little change too, the banner surround on the webcam, if they lift the camera picture a little higher the advertising for the Search and rescue comes into view, the designer was presuming all in one tab, though most users have many tabs open. Why is it so dark? Filter, they think it’s going to be quite bright in a while, a few days, for the vent opening to get eaten away by the SO2 and the real flow, from the heat of reaction of the rock being eaten widens the exit point and we see what’s really under the skirt? Am I allowed to use that Marilyn Monroe in a white skirt with the underground train passing and blowing up the skirt (YouTube) for that? I’d rather you didn’t, it might put the willies into the Reykjavik population?

1125am 11 July 2023 Iceland, now if I was a betting man, I’d put my advertising banner on this page for three months. If the page was fixed, natuturally, though the fix is about twenty minutes for a web designer, and two days to have coffee while it’s compiling and I have to annotate the code so it works for the next designer. Wen page? Total number of lines of code? With links to database and MySQL and a camera program, multicapture from Corel Videothingy? to read the images from the websites? Coder Dojo, three years experience or a UCC Computer Science person, Modules 1-6 Sept to Christmas First year. Why Coder Dojo, three years experience? Well, they are normally between 12 and 14 years old and mammy and daddy normally has them doing their homework first and they get distracted playing Kerbal and stuff too. Actually, that’s what it looks like and while you chose the far off sceen, the SAR people chose this which makes it look like the smoke is issuing from behind the volcanic cone? Yes, however, I chose the one where the people will be partying watching the big fire in the distance, nice and safe with mammy and daddy watching and the fireworks in the distance. What? Well, there’s fxxkail else, you throw fireworks and stuff when the wee bitch is uncooperative? Even Ireland has a sunny beach in the Summer now and Australia is throwing fireworks almost every week now. Eh, sir. Yea, I think that’s the Aluminium plant Colman was talking about. Ah, woops, could we throw a big party down there? Tentage, disco? Listen I’m not calling it a rave, or an end of the world party. What then? I’d call it a Naming Ceremony? Twins? Good Fortune on this House. – Serious interlude? Why no solar panels? It’s almost 24hrs daylight and a vertical panel would be drawing quite a lot of electricity? The formula for Solar efficiency is for sq meter at right angles to Sun with losses for distance through the atmosphere, Iceland is a lot more distance through the atmosphere, however on a hill, with a circle of rail, you could pull 200 x 2sq meter Solar panels round in a circle and get 200x 400 x 75% watts per hour? Calculator time. 8x 1 and four zeros /4*3 = 60,000 watts? 60 kWatts? Yea, that’d drive a nice train. Well, you only need 4kWatts to drive the little electric car pulling the 200 Solar panels, so I’d say yes, a nice train, a kWatt per person? Food for thought. Sushi? Colman

2220pm 17 Jul 2023 Iceland It seems to be quite warm there?

0140am 23 July 2023 Iceland Well, that cooled off rather quickly? Yes, rather worryingly quickly actually, what’s blocked the vent and while we are just past the maximum temperature for the area and things should be cooling and contracting, I’d be watching for a return wash up the spout? Momentum, springiness, viscosity? The liquid in the tubes might act as a spring and blow a little lava up the tube clearing the blockage? The pressure keeps the gasses compressed, as the spring opens the pressure comes off and gasses are let into the mix and explosive expansion might ensue? Colman

1645pm 15 Aug 2023 Italy – Anything new? You heard about Mount Etna? Been a bit busy looking at Iceland. Here’s the quick update Colman’s Volcano library page Italy – Mount Etna

1530pm 28 Aug 2023 Africa – Do they know the world is burning?

For reference, Dem Rep of Congo is four times the size of France and the same size as Western Europe, say from Galway to Prague is Kinshasa to Goma, and, yes, a few words about Italy might be nice too?

Oh, and you were worried about South America? Well, tourists go there.

Yes, there are one or two wildfires this year in North America too.

1600pm 28 Aug 2023 Iceland – The Reykjanes peninsula eruption seems to be over for this year. Colman’s Volcano library page Iceland – Fagradalsfjall Improving the Volcano website means all the links have to be checked? A few secondary school children might keep a look in?

1810pm 21 Sept 2023 Morrocco – Mw 6.8 MOROCCO on September 8th 2023 at 22:11 UTC https://www.emsc-csem.org/Special_reports/?id=316 Morocco earthquake: The scars, the rubble and the spirit to rebuild https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66818250 Morocco: Earthquake – Sep 2023 https://reliefweb.int/disaster/eq-2023-000166-mar British Red Cross https://www.redcross.org.uk/stories/disasters-and-emergencies/world/morocco-earthquake-2023-latest-news-and-updates Morocco earthquake kills more than 2,000 people, survivors sleep outdoors https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/magnitude-7-earthquake-strikes-morocco-gfz-2023-09-08/ Navigating a Perilous Mountain Pass After a Devastating Earthquake https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/20/world/middleeast/atlas-mountains-pass-morocco-earthquake.html

1815pm 21 Sept 2023 Libya – Climate change played major role in Libya floods https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-66854670 Libya flood: Protester anger could lead to crackdown https://www.dw.com/en/libya-flood-protester-anger-could-lead-to-crackdown/a-66859048 What we know about the floods that killed thousands in Libya https://edition.cnn.com/2023/09/13/middleeast/what-we-know-about-libya-floods-intl/index.html What We Know About the Deadly Floods in Libya https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/13/world/middleeast/what-we-know-floods-libya.html World Meteorological Organisation Storm Daniel leads to extreme rain and floods in Mediterranean, heavy loss of life in Libya https://public.wmo.int/en/media/news/storm-daniel-leads-extreme-rain-and-floods-mediterranean-heavy-loss-of-life-libya NOTE: WMO use http://www.SAT24.com for their picture of the Weather event Storm Daniel. Serious Questions there? Why? Well, I prefer http://www.Windy.com, yes, however http://www.Sat24.com actually gives forecasts. I watch them for the Irish weather occasionally. Colman, are you Batman? Listen bud, just because you’ve never seen me and Batman in the same room, doesn’t make me Batman.

1910pm 21 Sept 2023 New Zealand, the lads and lassies on the little island got another shaker.

2120pm 21 Sept 2023 Finland, I don’t see that country too often in these lists. It’s quite beautiful, I visited a couple of times, I gave a few lectures to their Military International Centre there, Fincent, it’s where they train their troops for overseas, military observer and I was lecturing the troops replacing us in KFOR in Kosovo.

2220pm 26 Sept 2023 Morocco – Spain That’s thirty days? Yes, it’s a little busier than usual. That linked to Turkey? To be honest I wouldn’t bet against that. Colman You might look at the Azores again? I presume you’re already looking at the Canary Islands?

2000hrs 27 Sept 2023 Mexico – Popocatepetl

2005hrs 27 Sept 2023 Guatemala – Volcán de Fuego It’s started erupting again. Really? Has it been raining lately? “More than 600 incidents associated with the 2023 rainy season” https://reliefweb.int/report/guatemala/more-600-incidents-associated-2023-rainy-season Mass of the water in the soil, it rains “a lot” squeezes the underlying magma and the lava comes up the top. Physics, same as squeezing a zit. Strangely the rising lava takes time to heat the water above it, so you might see how long it takes for the Volcan de Aqua on the other side of the valley to boil the water up that spout?

2020pm 27 Sept 2023 Indonesia – Gunung Ibu Yes, some of the volcanoes are “seasonal” define seasonal? WWElll,,, Colman, your summary? Ground drys slowly, weight off, ground lifts slowly, sucks up magma from below. Rain, ground wet, ground falls faster than underlying magma contracts, with spout available, lava comes up spout, self sustaining system in the medium term. Define medium term? Couple of hundred years? Until the magma chamber cools or empties? How would it become a long term system, such as we have here? An underlying geological stress system, such as plate movement or bending creates extra heat melting more rock and feeding the magma chamber. Example of a medium term system? Historically? Mount Kilimanjaro? Though I’m not sure how long the initial eruption phase took, after a stable system formed, it might have been “seasonal” for a couple of hundred years? Dangers for the future? Local or Global? Global? Climate change in the Northern and Southern hemispheres, volcanoes surrounded by permafrost where the ice and cold rock has formed a natural barrier, melting of the permafrost causes saturation of underlying rock greater than the normal system has been used to. The rock lifts during dry season and falls during wet season and the current stable system goes through “currently” unpredictable change resulting in “seasonal” activity in these volcanoes which have been relatively inactive up to this point. Example? Really? here? Yes. Possibly Mount St Helens? Though I’d have to read the weather and rainfall data for about a hundred years for that local area to be sure? It’s about the right latitude for the permafrost having melted maybe a hundred years before? Though everything is moving much faster now, the biggest worry is Greenland and if there are volcanoes under the beastie which have been dormant up to now, with the danger of the lava coming up the spouts melting the ice there even faster than is happening now. Iceland used to have much more ice, some of the nice geology, they’re showing the tourists wasn’t visible there fifty years ago. I’m going for a small sleep. Really? Yes, a small cry and a small sleep, and then I’ll have a look at telling a few people.

2100pm 27 Sept 2023 Indonesia – Gunung Merapi Current warning – Level 3 – Exclusion Zone 3 to 7 kilometers Pretty isn’t it. That’s live. It’s a commercial webcamera site. https://www.webcamtaxi.com/en/indonesia/central-java/mount-merapi-volcano-cam.html

2015pm 27 Sept 2023 Ireland – Ireland’s biggest drug hauls: Three decades of high-stakes busts | Independent.ie – https://military.ie/en/public-information/defence-forces-social-media/

You’re taking the xxxx? Seriously the Public face of the Defence Forces liaising with the media wears a Covid mask? Someone hasn’t gotten the memo? Yes, and that’s why …

Colman, what would you have added? “in challenging conditions” is a bit of a fxxking understatement, https://www.met.ie/latest-reports/recent-rainfall-radar/12-hour-rainfall-radar “during a brief gap in the storm clouds” is a bit closer to the truth.

https://archive.org/details/Reeling_in_the_Years_-5×07-_2006 Oh, look, there’s Colman. I was much younger there. Just before I was promoted actually. I retired in 2012. First officer on the left.

2220pm 27 Sept 2023 Colman, give me an example of you making a giant leap in information terms? One worthy of conspiracy theory and X-files which you were so fond of? IDN – Krakatoa – Krakatau Indonesia, Whaling kills all the whales, who shit in the ocean producing loads of plankton, the plankton make oxygen cooling the planet and absorbing CO2 produced by volcanoes. The planet warms faster the ocean rises in height just enough that an unstable system is formed at one particular volcano and in Aug 1883 “The pressure wave generated by the colossal third explosion radiated out from Krakatoa at 1,086 km/h (675 mph). The eruption is estimated at, 180 dB, heard 5,000 kilometres away.” Now, you might look at the frequency of eruptions since this time and ask has the ocean level risen and was whaling the causal factor, or as I would contend, a factor which speeded the retreat of the ice and has been lately doubled on by our burning of fossil fuels, replacing the whale oil which used to be a renewable resource used for lighting by many coastal communities, and that is not advocating a return to whaling, the numbers required for regreening the oceans require geometric population growth over the next two hundred year at a minimum. My point is the rising oceans have put pressure by weight on the islands of Indonesia increasing volcanic activity. That a big enough leap? Oh, and that’s todays FIRMS picture.

2240pm 27 Sept 2023 Ireland – I like the Naval Service. Commander Tony Geraghty, fleet operations officer of the Irish Naval Service, said: “There was an extremely complex joint operation involving the Naval Service, the Air Corps, the Army Ranger Wing and Defence Force headquarters. “And then it was [made] even more complex by environmentals that we had no control over. The weather was extremely poor.” Sky News – Eh, I’d like to speak to whoever was in charge? Eh, who wrote the plan? The Ops officer? Plan? What you want done? Heli, top cover, ship, am I missing anything? (Oh and get that good photographer from the Aer Corp, the one who takes the nice photos, when we go on manoeuvres. Eh, there’s always a different one. “Exactly.” Him speak like that because small amount of words better for speed on radio, environmental factors. “Environmentals”) Sid’s Civilisation, the best military advance was Interchangeable Parts. The photo’s are actually a little too good, the camera showing it’s functionality as a tool for detection and proof for court use. I would have dropped the light level to the actual visibility to show how nasty the weather was actually. Video? no, wouldn’t want to scare the families, the boat rocking too and fro like that under the helicopter. Curaçao to Cork: What we know about MV Matthew’s journey (rte.ie)

Irish customs officers seize 2,253 kg of suspected cocaine – which could be worth £136m | World News | Sky News

Elite army unit storms ship to seize Ireland’s biggest drugs haul

“This ship is very large, she’s 190 metres long, with an exceptionally high freeboard. So very difficult to get on,” he added. He said a “great deal of skill” was demonstrated by the Army Ranger Wing and helicopter pilot during high winds. United Kingdom – The Independent Ireland’s biggest drugs haul: Cocaine worth €157 million seized as elite army unit storms ship | The Independent

‘Significant’ quantity of suspected cocaine on Panamanian cargo ship due into Cork Port (irishexaminer.com) TUE, 26 SEP, 2023 – 20:44 eh, 1.5 tonnes? Largest… ( Well, it was a little difficult to estimate the weight when we were measuring it in cubic meters, we didn’t exactly have a weighing scales with us on the fxxking helicopter. )

0005am 28 Sept 2023 Ireland – Ship MATTHEW (Bulk Carrier) Registered in Panama – Vessel details, Current position and Voyage information – IMO 9228150, MMSI 356182000, Call Sign H3GG | AIS Marine Traffic “https://www.marinetraffic.com/en/ais/details/ships/shipid:711870/mmsi:356182000/imo:9228150/vessel:MATTHEW ” Eh, is this the message you really want to give with your website?

0010am 28 Sept 2023 Abandoned burning ship ‘had $400m cargo of luxury cars’ | Shipping industry | The Guardian 21 Feb 2022 The ship’s operator, MOL Ship Management (Singapore), said on Monday that the vessel was “still assumed to remain on fire south of the Azores, drifting further away from the islands”.

You want an information jump – XXX with Vin Diesel and American Gangster with Denzel Washington responsible for 157 million euro drugs seizure 2023, Cork, Ireland. xXx (2002) – IMDb – American Gangster (2007) – IMDb “The Fur Coat.” What colour would you like your “Honorary Irish Oscar” in? Black and White. Please?

0100hrs 28 Sept 2023 Malaysia – Now the strange thing about being an internet user is if you’ve a little knowledge of the algorithms, you ask why an internet page with 800 viewers in a month like “Shipping News” comes up so high in the internet searches, Google having such a “readership bias”. Now I know this is due to the “importance” of the reader, so why this in Bing? Matthew Drugs Bust – Bing News

https://www.google.com/search?q=matthew+drug+bust&rlz=1C1ONGR_en-GBIE989IE989&oq=matthew+drug+bust&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOTIICAEQABgIGB7SAQkxMTkxMmowajeoAgCwAgA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#ip=1

And in Google the winner is?

0105am 28 Sept 2023 Ireland – Cork – https://www.corkbeo.ie/news/local-news/cartel-ship-searched-cork-harbour-27794544 Local News, this is why I love Cork. Colman https://www.corkbeo.ie/news/local-news/bmx-bandit-drug-driving-e-27796445?utm_source=taboola&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=exchange “The latest stop, search and seizure involved a young man on a SUR RON Light Bee electric bike – with a custom Japanese Manga-style sea-monster-themed wrap.”

0110am 28 Sept 2023 Ireland – Cork – Storm Agnes Trail of destruction across Cork as Storm Agnes ‘hurricane’ rips roof off building and thousands without power Yes, that was the weather when the Aer Corp dropped the ARW onto the ship. Ever done any fast roping Colman? No, as an Ops officer though, I had fun writing a little Opord for a few lads and lassies from the Irish Mechanised Company to practice Fast roping with some Germans in Kosovo. ARW? No, just a few of the Fin/Irl Battlegroup. It was an admin exercise really, a transfer of troops from one operational tasking to another for training. “Operation Obsidian” strikes again. I am enjoying my retirement. Colman Acorns – Curragh Rugby club, you plant acorns, and other people, they stand under the trees.

0130am 28 Sept 2023 Ireland – https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-12563477/Irish-military-raid-drug-smuggling-fishing-trawler-carrying-100M-worth-cocaine-ran-aground-beach-following-chase-Atlantic-three-men-arrested-organised-crime-offences.html Eh, what’s the visibility there? Visibility? Can you see those white horses? The aircraft is tilted backwards because it’s having to fly forwards at what speed to stay above the boat. And that’s a big civilian SAR thing. Oh, I found the video, it’s a little shaky, quite good though for handheld out the side of the aircraft. I made a phone call on request of my boss to Christopher Foss, 1990, I was chatting to him about gyrostabilised camera mounts. Yes, that’s on the FLIR camera, however that’s a different kettle of fish altogether and it’s easier to live feed to hq with the side camera, it’s got wifi. The old one was the Canon 7D, though I can’t remember, which had the built in GPS. To be honest, it’s a little difficult to get iPhone coverage that far out, though the camera is quite good, the Samsung one, that’s a little better camera for 4K definition video and some of the new Stereoscopic cameras are also, nearly good enough for military use, though the band width is quite prohibitive.

You see the real colour of the boat seen here is: Where’d you get that? Oh, Cork Beo, though the Sky Rider Cup advert is quite long. How do they have that advertisement? Well, Cork is rather a well travelled and well educated population and the families are quite close so they like to keep up with the local news. West Cork does have the wealthiest population density outside Dublin D4 and Cork local news viewers are thus judged as having a higher disposable income than other populations. It’s an algorithm thing. And…? Colman… And…? And we have time on our hands to watch the ships come in.

Sorry, you think I’m joking?

0220am 28 Sept 2023 Ireland – Cork Fire services battle blaze in Cork city centre building – Cork Beo – Eoin Shortiss 21:07, 27 SEP 2023 UPDATED21:32, 27 SEP 2023 And we have another winner. Oh, that “….ISS”?

0235am 28 Sept 2023 Ireland – Cork And now back to our regular viewing Recap on Storm Agnes as Cork faced mass outages and flooding during tidal surge – Sara Rountree Deputy Editor (roundtree and mackintosh, it’s weather related.) UPDATED21:13, 27 SEP 2023 – Flooding in Kilumney Village, the video is quite good.

The level of the river was such that the water from the river flowed up through the drain? A water level sensor and a stopcock? Ovens Bridge already has a sensor? https://waterlevel.ie/last/ This program has come on in leaps and bounds. Nice one OPW.

You might check the position of the drain? Downstream with a flow of water a suction effect might draw the water away from the drain rather than it flowing towards the T-junction?

Click to access 2009-Planning-System-Flood-Risk-Mgmt-1.pdf

1000am 28 Sept 2023 Sailing, found this by accident. I was looking for the design for a suction bilge, it’s used at the back of small sailing boats, there was one in the GP14 I learned sailing in on the DF Beginners Sailing Course a long time ago. A similar design with three valves was proposed for removing water from the bottom of the Scorpion tank during CBRN exercises, by a British soldier. With a lack of toilet facilities, it was a little unhygienic having urine on the bottom of the floor. You might check designs with these people? https://www.theleeco.com/products/check-valves/ You’re taking the xxxx. No, the river Lee has had a long sailing and chandlery history. The history book is 275 pages, though there are pictures so you shouldn’t be too bored. I would have put a date of the edition on the front page, though that’s just me being nice.

Sailors and fishermen know all sorts of important stuff. IRISH DEFENCE FORCE INVITES US PATRIOT SAILING TO COMPETE FOR BEAUFORT CUP https://uspatriotsailing.org/pressroom/12830011 One of our instructors took a small time away from the DF and sailed the Round the World yacht race a couple of years after he brought us in four yachts from Kinsale round and into Cork harbour where we berthed in the Premier berth and attended Cork Jazz Festival. An excellent weekend for education of the young officer.

Army Sailing Association

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tea_leaf_paradox The solution first came from Albert Einstein in a 1926 paper in which he explained the erosion of river banks, and repudiated Baer’s law. https://www.alternative-energy-tutorials.com/hydro-energy/water-turbine-design.html The rotational generators are based on Einstein’s proof. There were a few of them we saw on the walk from Zermatt to Chamonix, you saw the flood water entrance, however the little generators were underground to protect them from ice in the winter. How a hydro generator works – YouTube

https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/microhydropower-systems

1300pm 28 Sept 2023 Ireland – Cork – Kilumney – a little look in the river please?

Now that’s what I’m talking about. See the square exit on the side of the bridge, well above the water line. That’s where you put your drain exit. Can you ask this guy, where the bridge is and can you find the engineer who designed it? Colman

1340pm 28 Sept 2023 Iceland

1340pm 28 Sept 2023 Morocco – Timing? Under stress, the temperatures maybe setting off these earthquakes? Heating in the morning? Cooling after sunset? Why is the area to the back of the mountain range where this squeeze is happening so smooth? Fill a biscuit box with sand and make nice mountainy shapes. Now shake the biscuit box. Smooth. That’s where the big earthquakes happen. How can you make that assessment? Well, there’s a small amount of rain there, the hillsides are relatively san free and there’s a little river system, though flood driven. There should be larger deeper river cuttings? It’s probably sandstone? The vibrations are actually making sand out of the rock increasing the speed of the normal thermal erosion? Colman

1540pm 28 Sept 2023 Ireland Cork Met Eireann Cork weather forecast as unseasonable ‘heat plume’ could bring temperatures to the 20s in October Cork Beo

1545pm 28 Sept 2023 Copernicus Long Range Forecasts https://climate.copernicus.eu/seasonal-forecasts ECMWF Forecasts https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts

2245pm 28 Sept 2023 World Organisationof Volcano Observatories

12 minutes of nothing before the “welcome” Can someone please get these people a video editor? Colman Oh, and if someone is chatting to Elise Rumpf, if she’s related to Inga Rumpf the singer, I preferred the German language songs on the Album “Rumpf and Rumpf”, though I haven’t found it on Spotify yet.

2300pm 28 Sept 2023 El Salvador This one is important. Seriously? Yes. Why? There’s why. Volcano stuff. A nice thank you to Copernicus, again! Colman

Thematic vent opening probability maps and hazard assessment of small-scale pyroclastic density currents in the San Salvador volcanic complex (El Salvador) and Nejapa-Chiltepe volcanic complex (Nicaragua) https://nhess.copernicus.org/articles/21/1639/2021/

28 Sept 2023 Europe Max Q – Time of maximum change of temperatures as Summer turns to Winter, 30 days after the Solstice. Little busy? A few charts on energy outputs at various depths? Let’s say by month to start? This year one graph? 5 depths? 12 months 60 data points? Time changes? 2020? every 10 years before this, back to 1900? You are joking? It’s just a couple of minutes with the new processors? It’s not the processors I’m worried about, some of that data is still on paper.

2325pm 28 Sept 2023 USA Flooding 31 Aug 2023 Hurricane Idalia hits Florida with 125 mph winds, flooding streets, snapping trees and cutting power AP https://apnews.com/hurricane-idalia-live-updates USA Red Cross centre still open.

Biden warns Idalia still dangerous, says he hasn’t forgotten about the victims of Hawaii’s wildfires AP Note: FEMA; “eh, can you get a big name to kick this?” (Fiction? Really? Bosses headed notepaper, please? Yes, that is a fax machine. Sorry, I nearly aspirated my doughnut, a fxxking typewriter? Space.com 23-25 Mar 2023 Solar Storm, worst case scenario? Fax machine and typewriter Space Command? She’s from fxxking Space Command and she’s got a fxxking typewriter.)

2355pm 28 Sept 2023 Iceland Max Q – Those are probably contraction quakes, though you might check the weather map? “Batman was an amateur.” Colman

0005am 29 Sept 2023 Greece Check the temperature graphs please? day by day 500 days, ground temperature 1 meter, lets say for Athens? Graph by calculus over the entire year period and see where Max Q is for Greece. Drawing the graph is first year Calculus in UCC, it was on the exam every year. Summer 2015 Colman “A”.

1335pm 29 Sept 2023 Norway article – Copernicus Earthquake-induced landslides in Norway – Mathilde B. Sørensen, Torbjørn Haga,and Atle Nesje

1350pm 29 Sept 2023 Norway 2018-11-09 01:49:39.7 UTC Norway earthquake : https://www.emsc-csem.org/Earthquake_information/earthquake.php?id=724066 Powerful 6.8-magnitude quake strikes in Arctic Sea off Jan Mayen island The Independant UK Samuel Osborne Friday 09 November 2018 09:54 “NORSAR said aftershocks are expected but no tsunami warning was issued. According to the centre, it was the strongest earthquake recorded in Norway, with the previous record being a 6.6-magnitude quake recorded in Van Mayen on 30 August, 2012.” Note from Colman: Max Q changes dependant on the WATER, beside the ocean or sea and whether the rock and soil is wet. It’s the land of eternal night in Winter, the ocean currents start at Caribbean and go North, as they reach areas of lower daylength the water cools until eventually there’s no day and the temperatures are quite cold. It’s a Calculus question, you have to visualise the graphs of the day lengths, dependant on the latitudes and time of year and the water temperatures all combining together to give a Graph of local land temperatures and then you see where Max Q happens. https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/norway/oslo-climate If it’s close to the ocean reading s from a local weather bouy might be adaquate?

1430pm 28 Sept 2023 Earthquakes and Volcanoes, a summary:
Think of the Earth as a very old Copper pipe, quite flexible.
Our Sun heats it.
Space (darkness) cools it.
Occasionally it gets hit by flying debris (asteroids).
The copper pipe is filled with stuff which solidifies on reaching the surface.
Flex the pipe and cracks appear.
Sometimes the surface is ruptured and the liquid emerges.
Sometimes the debris pierces the pipe and the liquid emerges.
“2023 Colman O’Keeffe’s nutshell”.
NUT (goddess) She was? what we now call? Orion the Hunter.

1715pm 29 Sept 2023 ESRI https://livingatlas.arcgis.com/en/home/
“I want all of that – in there.” “Is there a manual?” “He’s got awful handwriting.”
XXX (movie_2002)

“It’s not finished yet.” – “I don’t give a sxxt – that’s going live – NOW.”
Cookie time.
“There will be cake.”

Why is it an Eight, it’s not finished? Because it’s needed, it’s what is needed and it’s there. 8. Two cookies, one for you and one for me. Sorry, you were asking “Why?”

1830pm 29 Sept 2023 World – Max Q – Serious Question?
If Max Q is related to sea temperature in ocean environments, is it possible to establish Max Q and thus Ocean Temperature changes from Earthquake events in areas where Earthquake events are unusual? Southern Hemisphere the water has been warming for a while. The current flows North.
“And for that one Colman is giving himself a cookie.” Colman

1840pm 29 Sept 2023 Iceland
Which are contraction events and which are expansion events?
It day time or night time? – Why?
Because it gets colder at night.
What time is sunset according to the graph?
Maximum Change? Sunset and Sunrise? At lots of places.

1855pm 29 Sept 2023 Why is this important? Well, in some cultures at Sunrise and Sunset, you’re insulated from the ground on a prayer carpet, in a nice, very well designed and strong structure called a Mosque. It gets cold and warms up rather quickly in some desert countries with little water and no cloud cover. Oh and Ramadan? A month when you’re supposed to stay up all night? I think that might have been supposed to coincide with contraction events? Biggest contractions happening at Max Q in “Winter” the middle of the night? December, possibly? https://earthquakelist.org/saudi-arabia/mecca-region/
5 Pillars?
Well, we drew a graph of all the dates and times when the pillars fell over?

1930pm 29 Sept 2023 Ireland – ESRI – Where’s the BIG Volcano Map? https://munsterartscienceandenterprise.com/colmans-web-library/#LibraryVolcanoes All of that – In there, please?

Volcanoes – ESRI Story Map

Added: 27 May 2018 Contributor: Scoilnet Resource type: Guide/notes Take an interactive tour of the world’s deadliest and most active mountains of fire with this online GIS story map by ESRI. (Junior Certificate, Geography, Ireland)
STRAND: 1. Exploring the Physical World
STRAND UNIT: 1. Structure of the Earth (Volcanoes, etc..)

1950pm 29 Sept 2023 Indonesia – Volcano Mount Merapi – Why the big fxxking rush? Selling printers and tiles in Indonesia is big business, large population, who gets the money and why the government site is so awful? The people selling the printers and tiles – they pay better. This is todays. Actually Colman that’s selling to you, they get different ads. – You sure?

Colman – A few photos from the last year? March – June 2023
The button on your keyboard, “PrtScr” copies to clipboard, paste (Press Ctrl and “V” at the same time) into an editor and you can edit the screenshot.

2015pm 29 Sept 2023 USA Mount Kiluaea It’s looking rather warm? The video shows the steam blowing left to right. They speak English there? Why? Read the Wasp Activity message? The serious symptoms normally involve the patient convulsing on the ground. Call 911, while, you’re being driven to the medical post? It’s a Volcano, they do have a medical post??? They have quite a few parks. A list of medical posts? Availability of Defib machines, Epipens (Data courtesy of Lynches Pharmacy, Cork) etc? Parks and Wildlife wasn’t it or has the Department changed it’s name?
Why is the activity chart going up?
What’s the water temperature, it’s a thermodynamics thing, the warmer the water outside the mountain, the less heat goes out into the ocean and the more heat goes up to the surface. Liquids, lava and water convect and conduct and volcanic rock is normally a fluffy ceramic and an insulator.
Is there still coffee in the pot, and are you eating that last doughnut?

2055pm 29 Sept 2023 USA Mount Kiluaea

2100pm 29 Sept 2023 Japan – Sakurajima Volcano

I had to find a new webcam, the other commercial one is off line. https://munsterartscienceandenterprise.com/colmans-volcano-webcam-library/#VolcanoWebCams-Japan
Japan: Active Volcanoes Special Measures Act Amended USA Library of Congress article (Sept. 11, 2015) In September 2014, Mt. Ontake, located in central Japan, erupted and resulted in the loss of 57 lives. (Mount Ontake Volcanic Eruption, NHK World (Oct. 27, 2014).)
Factors motivating the use of respiratory protection against volcanic ashfall: A comparative analysis of communities in Japan, Indonesia and Mexico
International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction Volume 35, April 2019

“For example, perceptions of harm/ worry were stronger predictors of mask use in Japan and Indonesia than they were in Mexico where beliefs about mask efficacy were more important. The SEM also identified differences in the demographic variants of mask use in each country and how they were mediated by the cognitive constructs. Findings such as these highlight the importance of contextualising our understanding of protection motivation and, thus, the value of developing targeted approaches to promote precautionary behaviour.”
“The masks were sxxt.” versus “Do I really fxxking need one?” Is that a proper use of English? Why you going to sue? Seems it’s top of some peoples agenda?

2200pm 29 Sept 2023 Masks – Improvised – Colman’s stuff – Three layers polypropylene (Recycled Umbrella material) One layer denim (close to the skin) (recycled trousers) Elastic. The improvised glasses was a party mask cardboard with overhead plastic. And the blue suit is a painters suit. The heavier mask is a coke bottle, some milk bottles and a few rivets. The 3M mask is a painters dust mask. Designed during Covid, the cloth mask was designed, also, for use against Volcanic ash.

2225pm 29 Sept 2023 Democratic Republic of Congo – Because I lived here for six months. Goma is beside the lake on the border, the Nyiragongo is 17 km away due North and the other one Nyamuragira is about 30 km away. “Nyiragongo’s lava lake has at times been the most voluminous known lava lake in recent history. The depth of the lava lake varies considerably. A maximum elevation of the lava lake was recorded at about 3,250 m (10,660 ft) prior to the January 1977 eruption – a lake depth of about 600 m (2,000 ft). Following the January 2002 eruption, the lava lake was recorded at a low of about 2,600 m (8,500 ft), or 900 m (3,000 ft) below the rim.^[2] The level has gradually risen since then.^[3] Nyiragongo and nearby Nyamuragira are together responsible for 40 per cent of Africa’s historical volcanic eruptions.^[4]” The wiki article has improved. Nice one, wiki. Colman Lake Kivu. The surface of the lake sits at a height of 1,460 metres (4,790 ft) above sea level. 3,250-1,460 = 1,790meters Niragongo – “It is located inside Virunga National Park, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, about 12 km (7.5 mi) north of the town of Goma and Lake Kivu and just west of the border with Rwanda.” We were told about 17km. That’s a descent of about 1 in 10, Though it’s quite steep, so the lava runs down the Mountain (It’s 1.5 times the height of Carrauntoohil. – It looks so small and pretty in the photos.) really fast and then speeds towards the town, slowing slightly on the way as the lava cools, until it runs into the lake with a big steamy woosh, which lasts until all the lava has finished flowing. Hearing the woosh is sometimes difficult over the screaming.

0730am 30 Sept 2023 AI predicts how many earthquake aftershocks will strike — and their strength https://www.nature.com/ “Models trained on large data sets of seismic events can estimate the number of aftershocks better than conventional models do.”
Arthur C. Clarke Richter 10 (wiki) This book was amazing, I have a copy in the attic. Colman “The plot deals with predicting earthquakes months or years in advance, and eventually banishing them forever from earth by stopping all tectonic activity.” Actually, the plot deals with the activity attempting to preventing the event being stopped and the protagonists eventually watching the destruction from the safety of the Moon. Colman “””Still, Dascher-Cousineau warns people not to rely on these fancy new models too much. “At the end of the day, preparing for quakes is the most important,” he says. “We don’t get to stop making sure our buildings are up to code, we don’t get to not have our earthquake kits, [just] because we have a better earthquake-forecasting model.” “””

0800am 30 Sept 2023 Colman, why you doing this? Well, once upon a time, there was a theory which said that the Intelligence officer tells the Operations Officer (me) what he needs to know in order to make a successful operation. Now, having been in the seat and retired, I can now say, ye’re shit and get out of the fxxking way and I’ll read the fxxking data for myself. “All of that – in there – Now.” Colman “The AI is more successful when lower numbers of earthquakes are used. (In the British AI model.)” Predicted in Arthur C Clarke Richter 10. Why? Because some of the smaller quakes are not due to the local event, they’re caused by earthquakes just outside the area of interest. And you’re conclusion? Well, I haven’t gotten to Moon and Tides in my research yet and Arthur seemed to think that earthquakes were effected by the position of the Moon, it’s my conclusion from reading the scene where the AI starts to get accurate after the safety protocols are disabled and the AI builds a model (The safety protocols were for safety of the visual system for displaying the Earth as a 3D hologram.) including the Moon. I imagine what I’m reading, it’s quite effective, especially when you can “look around the room” (the one your mind has built using your knowledge of current available technology) pictured in the scene.

0815am 30 Sept 2023 New massive earthquake threat to Seattle revealed in ancient trees www.science.org 27 SEP 2023 2:00 PM ET MICHAEL PRICE “Multiple faults ruptured at once 1100 years ago, rocking the Pacific Northwest—and could do so again.” This is based on Carbon dating and counting fxxking tree rings. Dendrochronology. “” “This paper has been a long time coming, and it’s really exciting,” says Harvey Kelsey, a paleoseismologist at Humboldt State University. “”- That’s a new word for me “Paleoseismologist”. Takes me ages to spell out the pieces of the words to pronounce them. They’re called syllables. Yes, they are, now lets look at the websites telling me how to pronounce “pieces”.

0835am 30 Sept 2023 Portugal: Magnitude-5.0 offshore earthquake occurs near Azores at around 19:05 Sept. 29 at 1905pm 29 Sept 2023 “Advice Out of an abundance of caution, consider vacating multistory buildings where shaking occurred until authorities confirm their structural integrity. Monitor and plan for aftershocks.” https://crisis24.garda.com/

0840am 30 Sept 2023 Earthquakes hit Italy super volcano, raising spectre of evacuations By Crispian Balmer September 27, 2023 4:07 PM GMT+1 Updated 3 days ago “ROME, Sept 27 (Reuters) – A leading volcanologist has warned that mass evacuations might be needed in a town close to Naples, which sits on a so-called Super Volcano that has been hit by hundreds of small earthquakes in recent weeks. A 4.2 magnitude earthquake struck the area early on Wednesday, the strongest jolt in 40 years to rattle the volcanic field, known as the Campi Flegrei or Phlegraean Fields from the Greek word for burning.” https://www.reuters.com/ https://munsterartscienceandenterprise.com/colmans-web-library/#VolcanoList-ITA Top of my List?

ITA – Campei Flegrei -Campi Flegrei – Phlegraean Fields

0900am 30 Sept 2023 Yes, that was an earthquake you felt. It was 3.4-magnitude near Repentigny The epicentre was shown about three kilometres from the Montreal suburb. Author of the article: Montreal Gazette Published Sep 24, 2023  •  Last updated 4 days ago  •  1 minute read Here’s what would happen if a 5.8-magnitude earthquake hit Montreal The city’s biggest quake on record — on Sept. 16, 1732 — is helping researchers predict the impact if another one struck today. Author of the article: Andy Riga Published May 19, 2023  •  Last updated May 19, 2023  •  9 minute read

And only in the nights? Oh? Max Q? – Contraction quakes perhaps? How dry was it that year? Dry soil cools faster and colder than wet soil? If it is a rocky area? It might have been 10 dry years, it takes time for teh water to perculate down out of the top rock. Depending on the geology of course? Building stones and fossils of downtown Montreal https://www.mcgill.ca/ McGill University? They any good? “Finally, incompatible stones like sandstone and limestone would not be placed together, as acid solutions that wash carbonates from the limestone can chemically affect the durability of sandstone.” Thank you McGill University. I wonder did Amelie go there, over a 100 countries visited when I met her and she 27 and last I saw she’d been down to visit Antarctica. And she did Tourism for her degree, didn’t qualify as a guide for Montreal city until quite recently I think. Colman, you have a cousin there? No, he was a Member of Parliament from Toronto, I think.

Limestone? Yes, I’d check if the years preceding the Earthquake were particularly dry? Given the local temperatures, and rainfall patterns? Was there snow the winter before? Very little snow that year perhaps? and the couple, maybe five years previously? Check if there was an El Nino? Economics – A good year for chickens? A bad year for milk? Warm winter and low grass yields (lack of water)? Colman – You’re sticking your neck out? Listen, I’m just giving you questions – you fxxking answer them and we’ll get on alright.

0925am 30 Sept 2023 Egypt – Long term cycles based on water and drought? Here’s a sill one, based on my idea of shaking the biscuit tin of sand? How would a foreigner predict a 7 year cycle of good harvests and seven years of famine? It’s a river basin surrounded by sand? Cyclical??? Earthquakes??? Landslides??? Silting??? Earthquake – they kept really good records of harvests then? Did he have some other base of knowledge? Siwa? Oracle of Siwa? Big earthquake – shakes sand and fills river basin up the hill, river levels effected and lack of water, it’s sand, the water flows faster every year as the silt is cleared out. The land becomes more water logged and the weight of the water causes an earthquake – Cyclical? Joseph and his amazing Techicoloured Dreamcoat? It was his coat of many colours, too flamboyant and his brothers did him, wasn’t it? Oh, by the way, that’s also applicable to Nyiragongo? As the lava falls out of the top of the volcano, the speed of the lava has the effect of heating the rock under the breach, the faster it flows the faster it erodes the gap, both through physical erosion and through it melting the rock, the act of melting the rock creates a smoother passage and the conditions of laminar flow make the speed of the lava faster and so on. The lava after a certain speed continues cutting a passage down wards, you could use a Calculus formula to estimate the depth it’s going to cut based on lava temperatures and thickness of the volcano sides? We could call it Volcano Breach Calculus? VB? Never liked that beer, in Oz it was Twohey’s for me. Speaking of which you might get someone to have a little look at what Megan_Twohey is at at the moment, I think someone smart might have pointed her at a medical or a chemical company? Where did the original “therapies” arrive from? Where are most people going for the cheap operations? “You know they’re not going to grow back?” And …?, oh, you want the nasty version? “You sure you’re not really a woman in a man’s body and you’d look great as a woman, because I fxxking hate you.”

Tv – series – New York, Police? What was the one about the Cops ex-wife and the dentist? Latest 2022 ?

A Complete Breakdown of the J.K. Rowling Transgender-Comments Controversy The Harry Potter author is being criticized for comments she made about the trans community.  By Abby Gardner April 25, 2023 – Why you interested in this? Oh, someone in the CosPlay community pointed at me and said I was a Transbasher. And… Well, just before that I was a Sexual Harasser and then Anti Black and I am actually Anti-Drugs and ex-security forces and having someone around like that means that “The picnic isn’t “safe” i.e. drug friendly.

Because then she turned 18 and became legally (financially) responsible for her actions. Oh, and the lady was from Macroom. Why do you ask?

1100am 30 Sept 2023 Lost faith in Capitalism, Really? “What are your hobbies?” I read quite a lot. And I was sorted at the first Harry Potter Soc, sorting ceremony at UCC. The Yule Ball every year was excellent. UCC Canoeing Mountaineering clubs were fun too. Colman

1110am 30 Sept 2023 Italy Mount Etna – It’s a little cloudy for webcams? Actually the thermal isn’t fxxking working either.

Watching this video may reveal your IP address to whom? Really encouraging message?

1130am 30 Sept 2023 Guatemala Volcano Santa Maria and Santiaguito – Gagxanul (K’ iche) Why has this one gone quiet? Historical? The seven day says it’s been active this week, and I’m struggling to remember when it was last quiet?

1135am 30 Sept 2023 Iceland There she blows??? Too enthusiastic? maybe? Can you tell the tourist people, please? That might be a Bar-B-Que? https://en.vedur.is/ Weather 7 degrees no mention of volcano? They watch NASA? Why? Well, it’s not the correct time of year for Volcanoes. I think someone stepped on the toothpaste again, check the weather map? https://www.windy.com/?55.776,-23.895,4 All that rain, it’s so heavy and…

ISL – FAG – Fagradalsfjall

1145am 30 Sept 2023 Iceland – There must be more to it than air pressure? Of course there is, rainfall today, and the weather map for Iceland says its just a little light cloud is 2mm, so how much rain was falling yesterday in the channel between Iceland and Greenland? Over 3 days, Windy says the predicted rain under the high winds is 40mm or 4 centimeters. (A nice, how much fell yesterday, and the last seven days might be nice? Though that’s a forecasting website? Copernicus?) Lets do a rough calculation and say divide by 20 for 5cm, 1.5 million/20 = 75,000 cubic meters or 75,000 tonnes, if someone dropped that on your foot you’d be unhappy. Colman, actually it’s the area and not the perimeter that you should be using. Really? 154,444 million / 20 = 7,700 million tonnes of water dropped on the planet in three days and you think there’s going to be no consequences? ((( You didn’t make the perimeter mistake by accident did you? No, just letting them know that having you beside me is important. Why? Oh? funding cuts threatened again? You see, smarter than me she is! Now, “Can I have your attention”, “Please?” “Who’s the guy with the handheld calculator, I didn’t know they still sold those?” “What’s a handheld calculator?” “It works on batteries.” “Why does he carry it around in that little metal box?” “It’s Iceland, it’s cold and wet, probably to keep it dry.” ))) – Real life Colman? I have two little solar powered calculators and AA batteries rechargeable in a nice metal paint tin. Why two? In case I get a hole in one.

1215pm 30 Sept 2023 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_solar_storms This page has improved, thank you wiki. Colman ” 993–994 CE^[33][30][34] It caused a carbon-14 spike visible in tree rings which was used to date Viking archaeological remains in L’Anse aux Meadows in Newfoundland to 1021.^[35] ” That’s from Dendrochronology? Have we seen that word already today? How? Well, the High speed particles impact with the tree leaves, normally Helium nuclei, commonly called Alpha particles and a tiny fraction of these turn some of the C12 into C14, the amount is miniscule, however it’s just enough to be measured using Carbon dating techniques. “Radiocarbon (¹⁴C) analysis has been attempted at the site, but has not proved especially informative^3,17,18. More than 150 ¹⁴C dates have been obtained, of which 55 relate to the Norse occupation¹⁹. However, the calibrated age ranges provided by these samples extend across and beyond the entire Viking Age (ad 793–1066)” ( These dates are a load of fxxking sxxt and don’t tally with the written accounts, can you see what the fxxk is wrong with the machine? Nothings wrong with the machine. Why? Because the ones that have more C14 are from the roof beams? )

1235pm 30 Sept 2023 Volcano Watch — Infamous Mount Tambora is rumbling again

By Hawaiian Volcano Observatory September 29, 2011 There’s todays NASA data. FROM the old article “Tambora might continue to let off steam, and it might experience a small to moderate eruption (like the minor one that occurred sometime between 1847 and 1913), but it probably won’t have a cataclysmic eruption any time soon. Its recent activity is a good reminder that calderas, like the one at Tambora, frequently experience unrest. A 1988 review study by USGS geologists Chris Newhall and Dan Dzurisin showed that unrest is, in fact, quite common at calderas, and such activity does not necessarily mean that the big one is coming any time soon.”

Lava reappeared in Pu‘u‘ō‘ō on July 1, 2007 and came to within 30 m (100 ft) of filling the crater when, on July 21, new fissures erupted on the northeast flank of the cone and extended downrift nearly 3 km (1.9 mi) to the base of Kupaianaha. Activity soon focused over a single fissure and produced a series of ‘a‘ā flows that reached as far as 6 km (4 mi) to the northeast. Because of growing concern that these flows could reach downslope communities, HVO scientists prepared a new hazard assessment for the eruption. The lava channel feeding the flows overflowed its banks, and eventually built a perched channel as high as 45 m (150 ft) above the surrounding flow field. In late November, a new breakout from the fissure soon diverted all of the lava to the southeast and into the ocean near Kalapana from March 2008 through early 2011. Between July 2010 and January 2011, breakouts from the coastal plain tube system destroyed three houses that had been built on the earlier Kalapana flows .

April 2011 – April 2018: Vents confined to Pu‘u‘ō‘ō crater and flanks, flows enter Pāhoa

Following the Kamoamoa fissure eruption, lava repeatedly erupted within the crater and from the flanks of Pu‘u‘ō‘ō. Lava reappeared in the crater on March 26, 2011, and a perched lava lake quickly grew as the crater refilled. On August 3, 2011, the crater floor suddenly collapsed as lava burst through the west flank of the Pu‘u‘ō‘ō cone. A massive flood of lava spread rapidly, splitting into two branches—a short northwest branch that stopped the next day and a south branch that reached 3.5 km (2.2 mi) before becoming inactive on August 15. Lava reappeared in Pu‘u‘ō‘ō within days of the August 3 breakout, and the crater again filled unusually fast. By September 10, lava overflowed both the northeast and southwest rims of the crater. Lava stopped filling the crater on September 21, when a new fissure erupted high on the northeast flank of Pu‘u‘ō‘ō. This fissure sent a flow—the “Peace Day flow,” informally named after the United Nations Peace Day holiday—toward Kīlauea’s southeast coast once again. The flow briefly entered the ocean in December 2011, and subsequent breakouts entered the sea between November 2012 and August 2013. https://www.usgs.gov/volcanoes/kilauea/puuoo-eruption-lasted-35-years

KAYLA WEBLEY ADLER https://www.elle.com/author/4036/kayla-webley/ Deputy Editor Kayla Webley Adler is the Deputy Editor of ELLE magazine. She writes and edits cover stories, profiles, and narrative features on politics, culture, crime, and social trends. Previously, she worked as the Features Director at Marie Claire magazine and as a Staff Writer at TIME magazine.

Top 10 Famous Volcanoes

After 400 years of dormancy, Indonesia’s Mount Sinabung has woken up from its slumber with an eruption that has already displaced 30,000 people. TIME takes a look at other well-known volcanoes and the destruction they caused

Full List

• Our Fiery Mountains
  • Mount Vesuvius
  • Krakatoa
  • Mount St. Helens
  • Mount Tambora
  • Mauna Loa By Kayla Webley Tuesday, Aug. 31, 2010
  • It’s fitting that the state created out of a chain of volcanic islands would be home to the world’s largest volcano. Mauna Loa is located on the Big Island of Hawaii and in addition to being the largest, with a summit nearly 13,700 feet high, it is also one of the world’s most active. Since 1843, Mauna Loa has erupted 33 times, most recently in 1984. At 60 miles long and 30 miles wide, Mauna Loa, the name of which fittingly means “Long Mountain” in Hawaiian, takes up about half of the Big Island. Its mass also amounts to 85% of all the other Hawaiian Islands combined.
  • Eyjafjallajokull
  • Mount Pelée
  • Thera
  • Nevado del Ruiz
  • Mount Pinatubo

1310pm 30 Sept 2023 USA – You might check the current attitude of the Sorority in question to drug use, marijuana etc. And where the student who posted the photo came from and went to? Why? Well, the Germans they have just legalised some forms of marijuana use and I’m not a fan of the sxxt. Ain’t got NO ( what has it not got? O ) and what else has it got? . Now, while I do like that the articles draw attention to the opening up of the Sororities to African American, a very excellent step by the University authorities, when it was pointed out to them, there is a question of other ulterior motives to the actual posting of the photo and it’s comments. https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/learn-about-hate-crimes Updated July 21, 2023

1415pm 30 Sept 2023 Space 1859AD Even more disconcerting, telegraph systems worldwide went haywire. Spark discharges shocked telegraph operators and set the telegraph paper on fire. Even when telegraphers disconnected the batteries powering the lines, aurora-induced electric currents in the wires still allowed messages to be transmitted. “What Carrington saw was a white-light solar flare—a magnetic explosion on the sun,” explains David Hathaway, solar physics team lead at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama.

1425pm 30 Sept 2023 World – Canada – In rings from several of the longer lived trees, Black spotted the telltale radiocarbon spike of a Miyake event at 774–775 C.E. (Solar Flare type event https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miyake_event) Counting outward left no doubt: “Boom, 923,” Black says. “That’s the date.” He and Sherrod concluded that both fault zones ruptured between late fall 923 C.E. and early spring 924 C.E. Given the severity of the landscape shifts, they say the most likely scenario is that a single, massive earthquake around magnitude 7.8 ruptured across multiple faults all at once. The team can’t rule out a series of earthquakes over 6 months, but statistics from past quakes suggest the linked-fault scenario is about three times more likely. https://www.science.org/content/article/new-massive-earthquake-threat-to-seattle-revealed-in-ancient-trees

The 923 CE event doesn’t appear in the wiki article on large earthquakes, probably due to it being largely from written document lists. However, having a little look at the list, the 9th Century 0800CE to 899CE seems rather busy? Now this may be due to the availability of good written records from this time period, however, the period had some stability in Italy, Middle East and Japan, if these are representative of earthquake activity, merely in this area, then why the sudden halt in 900CE to 999CE ? Is it possible that “the largest and most rapid rise in carbon-14 levels ever recorded.” brought with it a huge energy surge “into the Earth”? Now, while today we are debating the small rises and falls of Solar energy and it’s immediate effects on weather, absorbed into the Earth at depth, this amount of energy might have, I shouldn’t say dramatically, however I would go as far as to say it might have substantially effected the heat in the Earths magma and over the course of the next 200 hundred years some of this energy might have expressed itself in Earthquakes near populated areas with recorded and currently translated writing methods. “Boom, 923,” Black says. “That’s the date.” Now, the G scale as handed out, goes 1-5, the scale actual goes 1-10, the estimate for the damage caused by the Carrington event, which human history has witnessed though having some electronic equipment at the time, well, let’s just say that the Aluminium hat brigade of the 1960s, a Miyake event, they’d be looking for some nice steel helmets. Frequency of a G-scale rated event, Level Five (5) is four per eleven years. You’ll note that the observed frequencies listed are relatively predictable, however since we occupy a small part of the Solar sky, 1/365 in fact, whether and when we get a large event, that is relatively random, with warning from Solar event observations. How many guys and girls in that room normally? Today? How many of you are here? George is out getting one of the VIPs back from coffee, he heard your speech last week too. Silly Question? There are no silly questions here. What does the “A” stand for? You sure he’s supposed to be in this room? Sir, he’s the fxxking VIP.

1530pm 30 Sept 2023 Dictionary of Physics – I got my copy as a present 07 May 1987. Thirty six years ago now. I read it three times cover to cover, from Å is for Ångstrom (wiki) to the nice tables at the back. That’s not what that A in the A-index and K_p-index stands for is it? No. …Pitt, there was a Prime Minister called Pitt a while ago, wasn’t there, English I think?

1545pm 30 Sept 2023 Eh, what’s an Auger shower? You might ask these people?
Observatorio Pierre Auger Av. San Martín Norte 304, Malargüe, Mendoza, Argentina
https://visitantes.auger.org.ar/
“Especially Interesting”, a nice phrase, I must use that more often.

2140pm 30 Sept 2023 Can you look at the weather before this one? How did you find that? Well, to do an internet search you put in “Iceland Volcano 30 Sep”, then you look at 29 Sep and then 01 Oct, then 28 Sep, then 02 Oct. You got to 29 Sep. Yes, however I had a plan before I started. The eruption isn’t in the news yet? No, why do you ask? Because it’s still on the NASA picture. That’s the latest one there. We’re only a little way past the solstice, there’s still quite a lot of daylight there? Wanna have a look tomorrow? At 7 degrees Centigrade, how long do you survive lying in the rain in a stretcher? I take it, that’s a no?
07:36 Sunday 1 October 2023 (GMT) Sunrise in Reykjavík, Iceland
18:58 Sunday 1 October 2023 (GMT) Sunset in Reykjavík, Iceland

29 Sep-23 Oct 1922

Eruption first observed 29 Sep, last observed 23 Oct

Skeiðará river jökulhlaup begins late Sep

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—

—

IMO, Þórarinsson (1939), Brandsdottir (1984)

2225pm 30 Sep 2023 Iceland Why are you still surprised I got to 29 Sep? Oh, here’s why: Oh, well I put in 30 Sep and it gave me that webpage and the one I gave you was top of the list. Five weeks after eruption started??? Well, they saw it from a village and… Water level reaches edge of basin, starts flowing, carves deeper channel etc. Flooding.

30 Sep-13 Oct, 4-7 Nov 1996

Fissure eruption between Bardarbunga and Grímsvötn (Gjálp) fills Grímsvötn caldera with meltwater 30 Sep-13 Oct

Major flood reported five weeks after eruption started, 4-7 Nov, largest jökulhlaup recorded from Grímsvötn

3.2 km3

5,000 m3/s

Subsidence over fissure 8-9 km long, 2 km wide

BGVN 21:09 (Sep 1996), BGVN 23:11 (Nov 1998), Gudmundsson and others (1997), Björnsson (2002)

2230pm 30 Sept 2023 Iceland What’s the ground temperature? That’s the air temperature. Trends in soil temperature in the Icelandic highlands from 1977 to 2019 Guðrún Nína Petersen First published: 25 August 2021 https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.7366 Citations: 3 Eh, does Colman quoting her count as a citation? She might get excited at being cited for a FOURTH time???? To be honest if he doesn’t tear the information to shreds, I’d count that as a Vote of Approval. Colman – “Woman, she got Brain, she ask good question, what she do now? She married?” They’re average temperatures? Can you see if there’s ice on the hill? There’s a webcamera looking that way, a slight fog in the morning dawn says it’s 5-8 degrees air temperature near ground level, if the windspeed is around 5-8 knots? Copernicus? Is that a waste of resources? It’s a fxxking Volcano and it’s not in the fxxking news yet. Copernicus? Please? It’s part of why it’s on the NASA chart, they just don’t normally “byte out the nearby ground temperature”, the NASA people are looking for fires, FIRMS it’s a fire managers system. Why only Three citations? “Monitoring soil temperature is important for agriculture but also for monitoring climate and the changes in climate that impact flora, fauna and natural hazards. Soil and surface temperature depend on many factors, including latitude, season, net radiation at the surface, soil texture and moisture, ground cover and surface weather conditions (Arya, 1988; Beltrami, 2001).” She didn’t mention Earthquakes or Volcanoes? It’s a standard start from a Final Year paper or a taught Masters or H dip. Probably in connection to Soil liquification and other research, I’d say she drew the short straw in the FYP stakes and got to do soil temperatures and this is one of many articles related on upland, low land, river valley, glacier etc. That’s a short straw? Well, she’d have to monitor the temperature sensors, it’s a glass thermometer on a string at the bottom of buried pipe, every how many hours a day, and night. It’s easier now with electronic sensors, though someone smart always has a non electronic back up. Why? Carrington events, that’s why? No, actually “sensor malfunctions” due to “all made in Taiwan” etc. And it’s Iceland, the electricity is always on the fritz … Generators etc… Oh…. ???

2300pm 30 Sep 2023 Indonesia Mount Kelud – That’s not erupting just now. Yes, that’s my point, how many of the ones around it are? Unusual, that article format seems slightly familiar? Ex-Time reporter, first job? ( It’s really hard to format my article in the magazine style. It’s supposed to be your own article. I didn’t know enough to add to their lovely text. It was a journalism degree wasn’t it? Oh, she’s an editor now? “Ctrl-C Copy, Ctrl-V Paste, isn’t it cool, and they pay me for this.”) ( Iceland – That one has two strings. Well, normally we haul them up in the little bucket, the thermometer string is a backup, that one the pipe crunched a few earthquakes ago and it’s got two strings. The fishing rod and hook, that’s for catching the bucket if the string on the bucket breaks. They don’t pay you much? Well, it get’s me out of the house and keeps me in tobacco money. And I’m not allowed smoke in the house, we put a shed up to keep the rain out of the pipes, so I can smoke nice and sheltered in here. )